After studying at the Antwerp Academy of Fine Arts, Peeters began by painting landscapes and portraits before moving towards Symbolism and, after meeting Marinetti, Futurism. He co-founded the Modern Art group and established connections with the German avant-garde through Der Sturm. From 1920 he progressively moved away from figurative art, turning to abstraction and producing a portfolio of six linocuts. His interests extended to interior design and furniture, which he designed for his own home. He was also active in avant-garde publishing, contributing to Het Overzicht and later founding De Driehoek. In 1926, for family reasons, he withdrew from artistic life and largely abandoned painting.